A verified quote

"This is the most current and comprehensive Canadian study. Using every Canadian Election Study from 1968 to 2019, the authors find: - A statistically significant "sectoral cleavage": public sector workers are **less likely to vote Conservative** than private sector workers, controlling for demographics. - The largest positive effect is on **NDP support**, not Liberal support — public sector employees are more likely than private sector workers to vote NDP. - Most of the public sector NDP/Liberal advantage **disappears once union membership is controlled for**: i.e., the public sector skews left in large part *because* it is heavily unionized, not because government work itself produces a partisan identity. - Within the public sector, the divide is concentrated among **managers and professionals**, who are markedly more left-wing on economic issues (redistribution, welfare spending, gove"