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Iyengar & Krupenkin

digital networks reliably produce identity-defensive, tribally organised, emotionally activating social behaviour1. negative partisanship has replaced positive partisanship as the dominant axis of political identity in both the U.S. and Canada.

2 SOURCES · 5 DOCUMENTED FACTS · OPENED 2026-07-23 · UPDATED 2026-07-23
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digital networks reliably produce identity-defensive, tribally organised, emotionally activating social behaviour

# A Comprehensive Map of Marshall McLuhan's Thought: Concept
“the convergent finding is that digital networks reliably produce identity-defensive, tribally organised, emotionally activating social behaviour — exactly the dystopian global village McLuhan described in 1977.”
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negative partisanship has replaced positive partisanship as the dominant axis of political identity in both the U.S. and Canada

negative partisanship has replaced positive partisanship as the dominant axis of political identity in both the U.S. and Canada

Research Brief: Negative Partisanship and the "Silence Patte
“negative partisanship has replaced positive partisanship as the dominant axis of political identity in both the U.S. and Canada”
VERIFIED — a word-for-word match in the stored source

Negative partisanship undermines satisfaction with democracy

Negative partisanship undermines satisfaction with democracy

2021
2021
publication of research